Public health and social well-being address the impacts of urban environments on health outcomes. This includes improving air and water quality, creating safe public spaces, and ensuring that urban planning contributes to physical and mental well-being.

Community engagement involves involving residents in the urban planning process to ensure that development meets their needs and promotes inclusion. Inclusive design considers accessibility and equity in all aspects of urban planning.

This topic explores strategies to reduce social inequality in cities, focusing on affordable housing, equal access to services, and reducing disparities in urban development.